Chitika

Showing posts with label notes. Show all posts
Showing posts with label notes. Show all posts

Tuesday, 11 June 2013

The advantages and disadvantages of robotics

Abstract

Robots are intelligent artificially created electro-mechanical devices They are designed by human beings to assist in performing some activities that are considered tiresome and boring and at times risky The capabilities of a robot differ are determined by the purpose for which they are created . The human-robot interaction has been one of good and bad . This interaction has led to some conflicts and debate has been going on as to the rights that robots should have . The outlines a brief history of how robots were developed . They are tracedback to when the first robot was made . The improvements that have been done on the making robots are also briefly discussed . The importance of robots in our society has been discussed . This has been broken down into particular fields where robots have been applied . In medicine robots have been used to do complicated surgeries . In industries robots have been used to speed up the production processes . The use of robots in the military has been discussed in which robots have been found made that have the capacity to make decision and launch missiles . Current developments in these fields have been considered and their benefits The examines the various dangers posed in particular fields by the continued use of robots . The dangers posed by the robots include the right of the robots to defend itself by applying force which may cause suffering to humans . The use of robots has also led to many people being rendered jobless as industries mechanize their operations . The use of robots has also seen many people neglect their duties and leaving robots to do them . Some important human responsibilities like childcare and care for the elderly have been left to robots . This is dangerous since robots may misinterpret the feelings of these highly sensitive people This may easily lead to conflicts as the robots force the human do things . The continued use of robot technology is evidently seen to be important . The risk posed by the robots to human beings has been traced to humans themselves because they make these robots.
The Advantages and Disadvantages of Robotics
Many definitions of robots have been put forward but is universally accepted . This is because robots have been developed with varying capabilities . The definitions are pegged on these capabilities and this has led to the variation . According to the Robot Institute if America (1979 , a robot is `a reprogrammable , multifunctional manipulator designed to move materials , parts , tools , or specialized devices through various programmed motions fro the purpose of a variety of tasks HYPERLINK "http /cache .ucr .edu currie /roboadam .htm http /cache .ucr .edu currie /roboadam .htm . Robotics is the science of studying the development of robots . From the above definition of robots we understand that robots are programmed to perform various activities Robots are developed to sense their environments and respond to them appropriately 

Monday, 10 June 2013

Anxiety Disorders in Children

In today’s fast paced competitive world kids are subject to high levels of stress. Fear and anxiety can be common and developmentally appropriate in most children.
Some of the common problems children face range from starting a new school, fear of natural calamities, social anxiety, fear of being bullied; pressure to succeed academically to several other complicated issues. Although worrying occasionally is normal, the severity and duration of these symptoms seem to be extended in children suffering from anxiety related disorders. If anxiety related disorders are left untreated it can severely impede academic and social progress of the child.
Some red flags of anxiety related disorders commonly observed in children are (a) being overly self-conscious (b) avoidance (c) obsessions (d) low self-esteem (e) extreme fears and being constantly stressed.
Anxiety related disorders can be broadly classified into the following categories namely (a) Separation anxiety (b) Social phobia (c) Generalized anxiety disorder. (d) Obsessive-Compulsive disorder. (e) Post-Traumatic Stress disorder
Separation anxiety is a psychological phenomenon where the child experiences severe anxiety when separated from individuals who have a strong emotional bonding with it. Symptoms of separation anxiety include extreme fear leading to impairment of normal functions, nightmares, and psychosomatic disorders.
Social phobia is characterized by overwhelming anxiety and excessive self-consciousness. When kids suffer from extreme shyness and self consciousness they may dread social situations.
Generalized anxiety disorder is caused by excessive, irrational and uncontrollable worry which manifest in the form of severe physical and psychological symptoms. It is characterized by fatigue, muscle tension, irritability and feeling of dread.
Obsessive-Compulsive disorder is characterized by performing repetitive acts to alleviate anxiety caused by disturbing thoughts or impulses.
Post-Traumatic Stress disorder results in extreme anxiety following a traumatic event.
The cause of anxiety related disorders in children is primarily due to the interaction between certain biological and environmental risk factors. Genetics and parenting style are predisposing factors for developing anxiety related disorders.
Parents should seek immediate medical attention if the duration and severity of anxiety in children does not decrease.Cognitive behavioral therapy can be very effective to shape the thought process and behavioral response to treat anxiety in kids.
Psychotherapy is another form of relaxation techniques that has been found to be highly effective in shaping the kids behavioral response. If none of the above methods seem to work the parents should consult with a medical practitioner regarding use of anti-anxiety medication